Using Groovy, Java developers can work up scripts and codes without worrying about the sometimes considerable amount of boilerplate code that accompanies full-scale Java programs, said Guillaume ...

Fortunately, Groovy 1.6 (I’m using 1.6.2) provides built-in JSR 223 support that makes it really easy to embed Groovy within Java.

Before Groovy 1.8, the standard tactic we Groovy script developers used to deal with this situation was to not define the local variables with the def keyword or with a static type declaration.