Minerals are typically formed when molten rock, or magma, cools, or by separating out of mineral-rich water, such as that in underground caverns. In general, mineral particles are small ...

Ukraine’s minerals have become central to global geopolitics, with the US president, Donald Trump, seeking a deal with ...

No bigger than a smartphone, this remarkable rock has layers that tell the story of the working lives and hardships of miners in the 1800s. A flawless blue topaz gemstone - the largest of its kind - ...

Rocks and minerals hold precious clues about how Earth formed and evolved over billions of years — but what is the difference between the two? In essence, rocks are aggregates of two or more ...