The PHI 5800 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) is equipped with a dual source anode (Al and Mg), a hemispherical analyzer for XPS and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analysis, including ...

Ultrahigh vacuum and surface preparation techniques. Principles of surface analytical techniques, including Auger electron spectroscopy, photoemission, low energy electron diffraction, energy loss ...